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The 45% Problem . Probabilistic Pricing for FIFA World Cup 2026.

Research publication. No content on this site constitutes investment or gambling advice.

Provenance
snapshot
2026-06-15T03:47Z
code
9541d6e322116947
data
sha256:73cabc1752e199bac59b7a43d27755ec
Cite

Duarte Jaraba, N. (2026). The 45% Problem. OSF. osf.io/spmkg

Bracket

Per-round marginal probabilities · snapshot 2026-06-15T03:47Z · phase group stage

MODEL STATE · 2026-06-15

Bracket · per-round marginal probabilities

draw-resolved bracket; per-round marginal probabilities
48 teams · 6 rounds
team · seed · group
GRP
R16
QF
SF
FIN
CHA
ESPSpain flagSpain#1 · H
97.8%
77.6%
58.0%
41.9%
30.4%
18.9%
FRAFrance flagFrance#2 · I
93.2%
70.2%
43.5%
28.4%
22.8%
14.6%
ARGArgentina flagArgentina#3 · J
95.1%
67.8%
42.3%
27.2%
22.1%
14.2%
ENGEngland flagEngland#4 · L
90.7%
62.3%
41.5%
19.3%
14.6%
8.3%
BRABrazil flagBrazil#5 · C
97.4%
71.2%
44.6%
30.2%
14.2%
6.9%
MARMorocco flagMorocco#6 · C
97.4%
70.8%
42.2%
28.4%
13.3%
6.2%
NEDNetherlands flagNetherlands#7 · F
86.9%
59.3%
38.0%
17.9%
10.4%
4.9%
GERGermany flagGermany#8 · E
97.2%
62.8%
38.7%
17.8%
8.7%
3.8%
BELBelgium flagBelgium#9 · G
97.3%
57.1%
28.7%
17.2%
8.5%
3.6%
PORPortugal flagPortugal#10 · K
85.8%
47.8%
25.1%
10.2%
6.7%
3.5%
MEXMexico flagMexico#11 · A
92.0%
65.8%
43.0%
21.0%
7.3%
2.7%
CROCroatia flagCroatia#12 · L
76.0%
40.3%
16.7%
5.5%
3.5%
1.5%
USAUnited States flagUnited States#13 · D
76.6%
36.3%
18.0%
10.3%
3.6%
1.2%
URUUruguay flagUruguay#14 · H
83.1%
43.8%
15.2%
7.0%
3.2%
1.2%
SUISwitzerland flagSwitzerland#15 · B
84.3%
50.2%
29.3%
12.7%
4.3%
1.1%
JPNJapan flagJapan#16 · F
71.7%
40.6%
19.0%
7.3%
2.8%
0.9%
IRNIR Iran flagIR Iran#17 · G
89.6%
48.2%
22.1%
11.3%
3.1%
0.9%
COLColombia flagColombia#18 · K
75.2%
33.7%
13.5%
4.3%
2.5%
0.9%
ECUEcuador flagEcuador#19 · E
86.5%
48.7%
22.1%
9.2%
2.5%
0.7%
KORKorea Republic flagKorea Republic#20 · A
81.1%
52.3%
25.1%
10.3%
2.4%
0.7%
SENSenegal flagSenegal#21 · I
65.9%
27.5%
8.4%
3.3%
1.9%
0.6%
EGYEgypt flagEgypt#22 · G
83.1%
47.9%
20.8%
9.6%
2.1%
0.5%
TURTürkiye flagTürkiye#23 · D
60.1%
25.7%
11.6%
5.5%
1.5%
0.4%
AUSAustralia flagAustralia#24 · D
56.0%
23.2%
9.5%
4.5%
1.2%
0.4%
CANCanada flagCanada#25 · B
68.1%
34.0%
14.1%
4.5%
1.0%
0.3%
CIVCôte d'Ivoire flagCôte d'Ivoire#26 · E
77.4%
47.1%
19.0%
7.8%
1.5%
0.3%
CZECzechia flagCzechia#27 · A
62.0%
40.3%
16.4%
5.5%
0.9%
0.2%
SCOScotland flagScotland#28 · C
63.4%
48.9%
20.4%
7.8%
0.9%
0.2%
AUTAustria flagAustria#29 · J
51.4%
14.5%
2.7%
0.7%
0.4%
0.1%
SWESweden flagSweden#30 · F
34.6%
16.3%
5.6%
1.8%
0.4%
0.1%
ALGAlgeria flagAlgeria#31 · J
43.0%
10.3%
1.7%
0.4%
0.2%
0.1%
PANPanama flagPanama#32 · L
28.4%
8.4%
1.9%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
PARParaguay flagParaguay#33 · D
36.4%
13.7%
5.3%
2.0%
0.3%
0.1%
RSASouth Africa flagSouth Africa#34 · A
43.1%
28.2%
9.1%
2.4%
0.3%
0.1%
NORNorway flagNorway#35 · I
28.7%
7.0%
1.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.0%
BIHBosnia & Herzegovina flagBosnia & Herzegovina#36 · B
26.6%
10.6%
2.9%
0.7%
0.0%
0.0%
TUNTunisia flagTunisia#37 · F
27.9%
13.1%
4.5%
1.2%
0.2%
0.0%
KSASaudi Arabia flagSaudi Arabia#38 · H
20.6%
9.2%
2.6%
0.7%
0.1%
0.0%
QATQatar flagQatar#39 · B
43.0%
18.5%
6.1%
1.8%
0.2%
0.0%
CODCongo DR flagCongo DR#40 · K
21.0%
3.8%
0.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
CPVCabo Verde flagCabo Verde#41 · H
13.2%
5.6%
1.4%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
CUWCuraçao flagCuraçao#42 · E
17.7%
12.1%
2.3%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
GHAGhana flagGhana#43 · L
4.8%
0.5%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
HAIHaiti flagHaiti#44 · C
12.8%
10.2%
2.4%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
IRQIraq flagIraq#45 · I
12.2%
1.7%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
JORJordan flagJordan#46 · J
10.6%
1.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
NZLNew Zealand flagNew Zealand#47 · G
15.3%
10.7%
2.1%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
UZBUzbekistan flagUzbekistan#48 · K
18.0%
3.2%
0.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
P(reach round) density
0%
100%
column legend
R16: marginal P(reach round of 16 from group). · QF: marginal P(reach quarter-final). · SF: marginal P(reach semi-final). · FIN: marginal P(reach final). · CHA: marginal P(champion).
All values are marginal over the Monte Carlo ensemble; not conditional on the team surviving the previous round. A 50% R16 and 25% QF means one in four MC runs has the team in the QF, not that half of those reaching R16 then advance.
provenancepre-registered · osf.io/spmkg
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